Recognizing Students in Distress

Marked changes in academic performance or behavior
Uncharacteristically poor performance and preparation
Excessive absences or tardiness
Repeated requests for special consideration especially when this represents a change from previous functioning
Avoiding or dominating discussions
Excessively anxious when called upon
Disruptive classroom behavior
Intense emotion or inappropriate responses

Behavioral or Interpersonal Problems

Asking instructor for help with personal problems
Complaints from other students
Hyperactivity or very rapid speech
Tearfulness
Irritability or angry outbursts
Problems with roommate or family
Change in personal hygiene or dress
Dramatic weight loss or gain
Disjointed thoughts

References to Suicide, Homicide or Death

Expressed thoughts of helplessness or hopelessness
Overt references to suicide
Isolation from friends or family
References to suicide or homicide in verbal statements or writing

You should seek emergency help immediately by calling 911 if a student is talking about direct harm to self or others or acting in a bizarre or disruptive manner.

Additional resources
More information about warning signs of suicide

What Can You Do?

TALK...to the student in private when both of you have the time and are not rushed or preoccupied. Privacy will help minimize embarrassment and defensiveness.

LISTEN...in a sensitive, nonthreatening way. Discuss your observations in behavioral, nonjudgmental terms. For example, “I’ve noticed you’ve been absent from class lately and I’m concerned.”

COMMUNICATE...understanding by repeating back the essence of what the student has told you. Try to include both content and feelings (“It sounds like you’re not accustomed to such a big campus and you’re feeling left out of things.”) Let the student talk.

GIVE HOPE...assure the student that help is available. Help the student identify options for action and explore the possible consequences.

MAINTAIN...clear and consistent boundaries and expectations. Be frank with the student about the limits on your ability to help.

REFER... when:

The problem is more serious than you feel comfortable handling.
You have helped as much as you can and further assistance is needed.
See our Making a Referral page

Faculty/Staff Resources

The following list contain descriptions and practical guidelines for responding to specific distress and distressing students. A pdf version of the complete list is here.