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Environmental Health and Safety

Environmental Health and Safety
135 Dykstra Hall
1628 Claflin Rd
Kansas State University
Manhattan, KS 66506

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safety@k-state.edu

Appendix C: Peroxide Forming Chemicals Management

Class A - Severe Peroxide Hazard

Spontaneously decompose and become explosive with exposure to air without concentration. Test for peroxide formation before using or discard 3 months after opening or at the expiration date on the container if unopened. If a container of a Class A peroxide is past its expiration date, or if the presence of peroxides is suspected or proven, do not attempt to open the container.

Chemical NameCAS Number
Butadiene (liquid monomer)106-99-0
Chloroprene (liquid monomer)126-99-8
Divinyl ether109-93-3
Isopropyl ether108-20-3
Potassium amide17242-52-3
Potassium metal7440-09-7
Sodium amide (sodamide)7782-92-5
Tetrafluoroethylene (liquid monomer)116-14-3
Vinylidene chloride75-35-4

 

Class B - Concentration Hazard

Require external energy for spontaneous decomposition. Form explosive peroxides when distilled, evaporated or otherwise concentrated. Test these for peroxide formation before distillation or evaporation. Maintain a testing program/schedule to test for peroxide formation or discard 1 year after opening or at the expiration date on the container if unopened.

Chemical NameCAS Number
Acetal  105-57-7
Acetaldehyde75-07-0
Benzyl alcohol100-51-6
2-Butanol78-92-2
Cumene98-82-8
Cyclohexanol108-93-0
2-Cyclohexen-1-ol822-67-3
Cyclohexene110-83-8
Decahydronaphthalene (decalin)91-17-8
Diacetylene (butadine, gas)460-12-8
Dicyclopentadiene77-73-6
Diethyl ether (ether)60-29-7
Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (diglyme)111-96-6
DioxanesN/A
Ethylene glycol ether acetates (glyme)110-71-4
Furan110-00-9
4-Heptanol589-55-9
2-Hexanol626-93-7
Methyl cyclopentane96-37-7
Methyl isobutyl ketone108-10-1
3-Methyl-1-butanol123-51-3
4-Methyl-2-pentanol108-11-2
Methylacetylene (gas)74-99-7
Other secondary alcoholsN/A
2-Pentanol6032-29-7
4-Penten-1-ol821-09-0
1-Phenylethanol98-85-1
2-Phenylethanol60-12-8
Tetrahydrofuran (THF)109-99-9
Tetrahydronaphthalene (tetralin)119-64-2
Vinyl ethersN/A


Class C - Shock and Heat Sensitive

Highly reactive and can auto-polymerize as a result of internal peroxide accumulation. The peroxides formed in these reactions are extremely shock- and heat-sensitive. Materials should be disposed of 1 year after opening or at the expiration date on the container if unopened.

Chemical NameCAS Number
Acrylic acid79-10-7
Acrylonitrile107-13-1
Butadiene (gas)               106-99-0
Chlorobutadiene126-99-8
Chloroprene126-99-8
Chlorotrifluoroethylene (gas)79-38-9
Methyl methacrylate80-62-6
Styrene               100-42-5
Tetrafluoroethylene (gas)116-14-3
Vinyl acetate108-05-4
Vinyl chloride (gas)75-01-4
Vinyl pyridine100-69-6; 100-43-6
Vinylacetylene (gas)689-97-4
Vinyldiene chloride75-35-4

 

Class D

Materials that do not fit within Group A or B, but require special handling.

Chemical NameCAS Number
Acrolein107-02-8
Allyl ether557-40-4 
Allyl ethyl ether557-31-3
Allyl phenyl ether1746-13-0
n-Amyl ether693-65-2
p-(n-Amyloxy)benzoyl chloride36823-84-4
Benzyl ether103-50-4
Benzyl ethyl ether539-30-0
Benzyl methyl ether538-86-3
Benzyl n-butyl ether588-67-0; 3459-80-1
Benzyl-1-napthyl ether607-58-9
Bis(2-(methoxyethoxy)ethyl) ether143-24-8 
1,2-Bis(2-chloroethoxyl)ethane112-26-5
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether111-44-4
Bis(2-ethoxyethyl) adipate109-44-4 
Bis(2-ethoxyethyl)ether112-36-7
Bis(2-methoxyethyl) carbonate626-84-6 
Bis(2-methoxyethyl) ether111-96-6
Bis(2-methoxyethyl) phthalate117-82-8 
Bis(2-methoxymethyl) adipate109-44-4 
Bis(2-n-butoxyethyl) phthalate117-83-9 
Bis(2-phenoxyethyl) ether622-87-7 
Bis(4-chlorobutyl) ether6334-96-9
Bis(chloromethyl) ether542-88-1
2-Bromomethyl ethyl ether592-55-2
beta-Bromophenetole589-10-6
o-Bromophenetole583-19-7
p-Bromophenetole588-96-5
3-Bromopropyl phenyl ether588-63-6
tert-Butyl methyl ether1634-04-4
n-Butyl phenyl ether1126-79-0
n-Butyl vinyl ether111-34-2
Chloroacetaldehyde diethylacetal107-20-0; 107-30-2
2-Chlorobutadiene126-99-8
1-(2-Chloroethoxy)-2-phenoxyethane2243-44-9
Chloroethylene75-01-4
Chloromethyl methyl ether107-30-2
beta-Chlorophenetole622-86-6
o-Chlorophenetole143-24-8 
p-Chlorophenetole622-61-7 
Cyclooctene931-88-4; 931-87-3
Cyclopropyl methyl ether540-47-6
p-Di-n-butoxybenzene75942-37-9 
Di-n-propoxymethane505-84-0
Dipropyl ether111-43-3
Di(2-propynl) ether 
Diallyl ether557-40-4
p-Dibenzyloxybenzene621-91-0 
1,2-Dibenzyloxyethane622-22-0
1,2-Dichloroethyl ethyl ether623-46-1
2,4-Dichlorophenetole5392-86-9
Diethoxybenzene (m-,o-,p-)2168-54-9
1,2-Diethoxyethane629-14-1
Diethoxymethane462-95-3
2,2-Diethoxypropane126-84-1
Diethyl acetal105-57-7
Diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate87-13-8 
Diethyl fumarate623-91-6 
Diethylketene96-22-0 
1,1-Dimethoxyethane534-15-6
Dimethoxymethane109-87-5 
1,2-Epoxy-3-isopropoxypropane4016-14-2
1,2-Epoxy-3-phenoxypropane122-60-1
1-Ethoxy-2-propyne 
p-Ethoxyacetophenone1676-63-7 
2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate112-15-2
2-Ethoxyethyl acetate111-15-9
(2-Ethoxyethyl)-a-benzoyl benzoate604-63-7
1-Ethoxynaphthalene5328-01-8; 75440-80-1
o,p-Ethoxyphenyl isocyanate5395-71-1 
3-Ethoxypropionitrile2141-62-0 
Ethyl vinyl ether109-92-2 
Ethyl-b-ethoxypropionate763-69-9 
2-Ethylacrylaldehyde oxime99705-27-8 
2-Ethylbutanol97-95-0
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether109-86-4
2-Ethylhexanal123-05-7
4,5-Hexadien-2-yn-1-ol2749-79-3 
2,5-Hexadiyn-1-ol28255-99-4 
n-Hexyl ether112-58-3
p-Iodophenetole699-08-1
Isoamyl benzyl ether122-73-6
Isoamyl ether544-01-4 
Isobutyl vinyl ether109-53-5 
Isophorone78-59-1 
b-Isopropoxypropionitrile110-47-4 
Isopropyl-2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy acetate93-78-7
3-Methoxy-1-butyl acetate4435-53-4
Methoxy-1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene7176-89-8
2-Methoxyethanol32718-54-0; 109-86-4
2-Methoxyethyl acetate110-49-6
2-Methoxyethyl vinyl ether1663-35-0
b-Methoxypropionitrile110-67-8 
m-Methylphenetole621-32-9
2-Methyltetrahydrofuran96-47-9
m-Nitrophenetole621-52-3
1-Octene173994-67-7; 25377-83-7; 111-66-0
Oxybis(2-ethyl acetate)628-68-2
Oxybis(2-ethyl benzoate)56-35-9
b,b-Oxydipropionitrile1656-48-0
1-Pentene25377-72-4; 109-67-1
Phenoxyacetyl chloride701-99-5
a-Phenoxypropionyl chloride122-35-0 
Phenyl Propyl Ether622-85-5
p-Phenylphenetone 
n-Propyl ether111-43-3
n-Propyl isopropyl ether627-08-7
Sodium arachidonate6610-25-9
Sodium ethoxyacetylide73506-39-5 
1,1,2,3-Tetrachloro-1,3-butadiene921-09-5 
Tetrahydropyran142-68-7
Triethylene glycol diacetate111-21-7 
Triethylene glycol dipropionate141-34-4
1,3,3-Trimethoxypropene17576-35-1
4-Vinyl cyclohexene100-40-3 
Vinylene carbonate872-36-6

 

References:

  1. Clark D. E., “ Peroxides and Peroxide-Forming Compounds”, J. or Chem. Health and Safety, 2001 8(5), 12-18.
  2. Kelly, R. J., “ Review of Safety Guidelines for Peroxidizable Organic Chemicals”, Chem. Health & Safety, 1996, 3(5), 28–36.
  3. National Research Council, Prudent Practices in the Laboratory, National Academy Press: Washington, DC, 2011

Acknowledgement:

KSU Environmental Health and Safety acknowledges the assistance of the UC Santa Cruz Office of Environmental Health & Safety, whose webpage (https://ehs.ucsc.edu/lab-safety-manual/index.html) has served as useful resources.