If we define self-esteem as feeling happy with oneself, the concept has little to do with any positive social outcome. Children who grow up to be productive citizens, who care about their neighbors, who display resilience and courage in troubled times do not always “feel good” about themselves. In fact, sometimes they are plagued by uncertainty and self-doubt. Sometimes they feel disappointed in themselves. They may be among the last people to wear a button with a smiley face.