Websites and Books
NSF (National Science Foundation):
• Grant Proposal Guide (GPG) within new Proposal & Award Policies / Procedures Guide (current, Fall 2010)
• A Guide for Writing Proposals
• Russell, S.W. and Morrison, 2010. The Grant Application Writer's Workbook-National Science Foundation - FastLane. Grant Writers' Seminars and Workshops.
NIH (National Institute of Health):
• Grant Writing Tip Sheets
• National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
• Russell, S.W. and Morrison, 2010. The Grant Application Writer's Workbook-National Institutes of Health Version. Grant Writers' Seminars and Workshops. ( updated for 13-page format)
• Karin Rodland and Principal Investigators Association. 2010. Executive Report: National Institutes of Health Short Form Application.
• NIH Short Form Application
• Grant Writing for Success 
• NIH Grant Writing Guides (not yet updated for 13-page format)
• Ogden, T.E. and Goldberg, I.A. 2002. Research Proposals: A Guide to Success. San Diego: Academic Press. (not yet updated for 13-page format)
• NIH Frequently Asked Questions
Social Sciences:
• Social Science Research Council
• A Beginner's Guide to the World of Research Grants for Sociologists
USDA (United States Department of Agriculture)
• NIFA Grants.Gov Application Guide
• General Tips
• Tips for Developing and Implementing Integrated Projects
• Example of an Integrated Proposal
Foundations:
• Proposal Writing Short Course
• Inquiries to Private Foundations
• Minnesota Council of Foundations-on-line tutorial details what their constituent foundations want to see in a successful proposal.
General:
• Guide for Writing a Funding Proposal