Coccidia (Eimeria and Isospora) of Carnivores II
(Herpestidae, Hyaenidae, Mustelidae, Procyonidae, Ursidae, Viverridae)

FAMILY: Herpestidae (mongoose, meerkat, suricat, fossa)

1. Eimeria jalpaiguriensis Bahdyopadhyay, 1982
   1. Host: Herpestes edwardsi (Indian grey mongoose)
   2. Reference: Bahdyopadhyay 1982

2. Eimeria newalai Dubey and Pande, 1963
   1. Synonym: Eimeria neyalai Patnaik and Acharjyo, 1971 lapsus
   2. Host: Herpestes javanicus (syn. Herpestes auropunctatus) (Indian mongoose), Herpestes edwardsi (syn. Herpestes mungo) (Indian grey mongoose)
   3. References: Dubey and Pande 1963; Patnaik and Acharjyo 1971; Patnaik and Ray, 1965

3. Eimeria pandei (Patnaik and Ray, 1965) Patnaik and Ray, 1966
   1. Host: Herpestes javanicus (syn. Herpestes auropunctatus) (Indian mongoose), Herpestes edwardsi (Indian grey mongoose)
   2. References: Patnaik and Acharjyo 1971; Patnaik and Ray 1965, 1966

4. Isospora dasguptai Levine, Ivens, and Healy, 1975
   1. Synonym: Isospora garnhami Bray, 1954 of Dubey and Pande, 1963, pro parte (small form)
   2. Synonym: Isospora rivolta (Grassi, 1879) of Knowles and Das Gupta, 1931
   3. non Eimeria garnharmi Bray, 1954
   4. Hosts: Herpestes edwardsi (syn. Herpestes mungo) (Indian grey mongoose) ; Herpestes javanicus (syn. Herpestes auropunctatus) (Indian mongoose)
   5. References: Dubey and Pande 1963; Knowles and Das Gupta 1931; Levine et al. 1975

5. Isospora garnhami Bray, 1954
   1. Hosts: Helogale parvula (syn. Helogale undulata rufula) (Dwarf mongoose); Crossarchus obscurus (Cusimanse)
   2. References: Bray 1954; Levine et al. 1975; Pellerdy 1959

6. Isospora herpestei Levine, Ivens, and Healy, 1975
   1. Host: Herpestes javanicus (syn. Herpestes auropunctatus) (Indian mongoose)
   2. References: Levine et al. 1975

7. Isospora hoarei Bray, 1954
   1. Synonym: Isospora horaei Patnaik and Acharjyo, 1971 lapsus
   2. Host: Helogale parvula (syn. Helogale undulata rufula) (Dwarf mongoose); perhaps Herpestes javanicus (syn. Herpestes auropunctatus) (Indian mongoose)
   3. References: Bray 1954; Levine et al. 1975; Patnaik and Acharjyo 1971

8. Isospora ichneumonis Levine, Ivens, and Healy, 1975
   1. Synonym: Isospora rivolta (Grassi, 1879) of Balozet, 1933
   2. Host: Herpestes ichneumon (Egyptian mongoose)
   3. References: Balozet 1933; Levine et al. 1975

9. Isospora mungoi Levine, Ivens, and Healy, 1975
   1. Synonym: Isospora garnhami Bray, 1954 of Dubey and Pande, 1963, pro parte (large form)
   2. non Eimeria garnharmi Bray, 1954
   3. Host: Herpestes edwardsi (syn. Herpestes mungo) (Indian grey mongoose)
   4. References: Balozet 1933; Bray 1954; Dubey and Pande 1963; Levine et al. 1975

10. Isospora pellerdyi Dubey and Pande 1964
    1. Synonym: Isospora dubeyi Patnaik and Ray, 1965
    2. Synonym: Isospora knowlesi Dubey and Pande, 1963, nomen preocc.
    3. non Isospora knowlesi Ray and Das Gupta, 1937
       
    4. Host: Herpestes edwardsi (syn. Herpestes mungo) (Indian grey mongoose)
    5. References: Dubey and Pande 1963, 1964; Levine et al. 1975; Patnaik and Ray 1965

11. Isospora sp. of Bray, 1959
    1. Synonym: Isospora garnhami Bray, 1954 of Bray, 1959
    2. Host: Crossarchus obscurus (Cusimanse)
    3. References: Bray 1959; Levine et al. 1975
    4. Remarks: This may or may not represent Isospora garnhami

12. Isospora sp. of Markus, 1972
    1. Host: Cynictis penicillata (Yellow mongoose)
    2. Reference: Markus 1972

FAMILY: Hyaenidae (hyenas)

1. Isospora levinei Dubey, 1963
   1. Host: Hyaena hyaena (syn. Hyaena striata) (Striped hyaena)
   2. References: Dubey 1963; Patnaik and Acharjyo 1971

FAMILY: Mustelidae (mustelids)

1. Eimeria baskanica Nukerbaeva and Svanbaev, 1972 vide Nukerbaeva and Svanbaev, 1977
   1. Host: Mustela erminae (Ermine)
   2. References: Nukerbaeva and Svanbaev 1977

2. Eimeria furonis Hoare, 1927
   1. Hosts: Mustela putorius (Polecat) (syn. Mustela putorius furo - ferret); Mustela nigripes (Black-footed ferret); Mustela vison (Mink)
   2. References: Blankenship-Paris et al. 1993; Hoare 1927, 1935b; Jolley et al. 1994; Nukerbaeva and Svanbaev 1973, 1977; Williams et al. 1988, 1992, 1996

3. Eimeria hiepei Grafner, Graubmann, and Dobbriner, 1967
   1. Host: Mustela vison (Mink)
   2. References: Davis et al. 1953; Grafner et al. 1967

4. Eimeria ictidea Hoare, 1927
   1. Hosts: Mustela eversmanni(?) (Steppe polecat); Mustela nigripes (Black-footed ferret); Mustela putorius (Polecat) (syn. Mustela putorius furo - ferret)
   2. References: Hoare 1927, 1935a, 1935b; Jolley et al. 1994; Litvenkova 1969; Svanbaev 1956; Tinar 1985; Williams et al. 1988, 1992

5. Eimeria irara Carini and da Fonseca, 1938
   1. Host: Eira barbara (Tayra)
   2. Reference: Carini and da Fonseca 1938

6. Eimeria melis Kotlan and Pospesch, 1933
   1. Host: Meles meles (Old world badger)
   2. References: Anwar et al. 2000; Klopfer and Neuman 1970; Kotlan and Pospesch 1933
   3. Remarks: It is likely that the report of Eimeria melis in mink by Klopfer and Neuman (1970) is a misidentification.

7. Eimeria mephitidis Andrews, 1928
   1. Host: Mephitis mephitis (Striped skunk)
   2. References: Andrews 1928; Yakimoff and Gousseff 1936

8. Eimeria mustelae Iwanoff-Gobzem, 1934
   1. Hosts: Mustela nivalis (Snow weasel); Mustela vison (Mink)
   2. References: Glebezdin 1978; Iwanoff-Gobzem 1933, 1934; Levine 1948; Musaev and Veisov 1983; Tinar 1985

9. Eimeria sablii Nukerbaeva, 1981
   1. Host: Martes zibellina (Sable)
   2. Reference: Nukerbaeva 1981

10. Eimeria sibirica Yakimoff and Terwinsky, 1930
    1. Host: Martes zibellina (Sable)
    2. References: Nukerbaeva 1981; Yakimoff and Gousseff 1934; Yakimoff and Terwinsky 1930, 1931

11. Eimeria sp. of Blankenship-Paris, Chang, and Bagnell, 1993
    1. Host: Mustela putorius furo (ferret)
    2. Reference: Blankenship-Paris et al. 1993

12. Eimeria sp. of Musaev and Veisov, 1983
    1. Host: Mustela nivalis (Snow weasel)
    2. Reference: Musaev and Veisov 1983

13. Eimeria sp. of Williams, Thorne, Kwiatkowski, and Oakleaf, 1992
    1. Host: Mustela nigripes (Black-footed ferret)
    2. References: Jolley et al. 1994; Williams et al. 1992

14. Eimeria sp. of Yakimoff and Gousseff, 1934
    1. Host: Martes martes (Marten)
    2. Reference: Yakimoff and Gousseff 1934

15. Eimeria vison Kingscote, 1935
    1. Synonym: Eimeria mustelae Kingscote, 1934, nomen preocc.
    2. Hosts: Mustela putorius (Polecat) (syn. Mustela putorius furo - ferret); Mustela vison (Mink)
    3. References: Foreyt and Todd 1976; Foreyt et al. 1977; Kingscote 1934, 1935; Klopfer and Neuman 1970; McTaggart 1960; Nukerbaeva and Svanbaev 1973, 1974, 1977; Tinar 1985; Umurzakov and Nukerbaeva 1985; Wolter 1961; Zimmermann 1959

16. Eimeria voronezhensis Levine and Ivens, 1981
    1. Synonym: Eimeria mephitidis Andrews, 1928 of Yakimoff and Matikaschwili, 1932
    2. Host: Mephitis mephitis (Striped skunk)
    3. References: Andrews 1928; Levine and ivens 1981; Yakimoff and Matikaschwili 1932

17. Isospora africana Prasad, 1961
    1. Host: Ictonyx libyca (African wildcat)
    2. References: Prasad 1961; Trager 1961

18. Isospora altaica Svanbaev and Rachmatullina, 1971
    1. Host: Mustela altaica (Mountain weasel)
    2. Reference: Svanbaev and Rachmatullina, 1971

19. Isospora eversmanni Svanbaev, 1956
    1. Host: Mustela eversmanni (Eversmann's polecat); Mustela vison (Mink)
    2. References: Nukerbaeva and Svanbaev 1973, 1977; Svanbaev 1956

20. Isospora goussevi Musaev and Veisov, 1983
    1. Host: Mustela nivalis (Snow weasel)
    2. Reference: Musaev and Veisov 1983

21. Isospora hoogstraali Prasad, 1961
    1. Host: Ictonyx libyca (African wildcat)
    2. References: Prasad 1961; Trager 1961

22. Isospora laidlawi Hoare, 1927
    1. Hosts: Mustela putorius (Polecat) (syn. Mustela putorius furo - ferret); Mustela vison (Mink)
    2. References: Foreyt et al. 1977; Hoare 1927; Klopfer and Neuman 1970; Levine 1948; McTaggart 1960; Nukerbaeva and Svanbaev 1973, 1974, 1977; Tinar 1985

23. Isospora lutrae Torres, Modry, Fernandez, Slapeta, and Koudela, 2000
    1. Synonym: Isospora sp. of Hoover, Bahr, Nieves, Doyle, Zimmer, and Lauzon, 1985 (?)
    2. Host: Lutra canadensis (American river otter)
    3. References: Hoover et al. 1985; Torres et al. 2000

24. Isospora martessii Nukerbaeva, 1981
    1. Host: Martes zibellina (Sable)
    2. Reference: Nukerbaeva 1981

25. Isospora melis (Kotlan and Pospesch, 1933) Pellerdy, 1955
    1. Synonym: Lucetina sp. of Kotlan and Pospesch, 1933
    2. Host: Meles meles (Old world badger)
    3. References: Anwar et al. 2000; Glebezdin 1978; Kotlan and Pospesch 1933; Pellerdy 1955

26. Isospora mustelae Galli-Valerio, 1932, nomen nudum
    1. Host: Martes martes (Marten)
    2. Reference: Galli-Valerio 1932

27. Isospora nivalis Musaev and Veisov, 1983
    1. Host: Mustela nivalis (Snow weasel)
    2. Reference: Musaev and Veisov 1983

28. Isospora pavlowskyi Svanbaev, 1956
    1. Host: Mustela eversmanni (Eversmann's polecat)
    2. Reference: Svanbaev 1956

29. Isospora putorii (Railliet and Lucet, 1891) Becker, 1934
    1. Synonym: Coccidium bigeminum var putorii Railliet and Lucet, 1891
    2. Synonym: Coccidium bigeminum var putorii(?) of Galli-Valerio, 1935
    3. Synonym: Lucetina putorii (Railliet and Lucet, 1891) Henry and Leblois, 1926
    4. Hosts: Mustela erminea (Ermine)(?); Mustela putorius (Polecat) (syn. Mustela putorius furo - ferret)
    5. References: Becker 1934; Galli-Valerio 1935; Henry and Leblois 1926; Levine 1948; Railliet and Lucet 1891; Tadros and Laarman 1978
    6. Remarks: This is now termed Sarcocystis putorii (Railliet and Lucet, 1891) Tadros and Laarman, 1978. It is not a valid Isospora sp.

30. Isospora sengeri Levine and Ivens, 1964
    1. Host: Spilogale putorius (Spotted skunk)
    2. Reference: Levine and Ivens 1964

31. Isospora sp. of Bell, 1994
    1. Host: Mustela putorius furo (ferret)
    2. Reference: Bell 1994

32. Isospora sp. of Bell, 1994
    1. Host: Mustela putorius furo (ferret)
    2. Reference: Bell 1994

33. Isospora spilogales Levine and Ivens, 1964
    1. Host: Spilogale putorius (Spotted skunk)
    2. Reference: Levine and Ivens 1964

34. Isospora zorillae (Prasad, 1961) Pellerdy, 1974
    1. Synonym: Isospora begemina var zorillae Prasad, 1961
    2. Host: Ictonyx libyca (African wildcat)
    3. References: Pellerdy 1974; Prasad 1961; Trager 1961
    4. Remarks: This is most likely a Sarcocystis sp.

FAMILY: Procyonidae (coati, kinkagou, raccoon)

1. Eimeria nasuae Carini and Grechi, 1938
   1. Host: Nausa narica (White-nosed coati)
   2. Reference: Carini and Grechi 1938

2. Eimeria nuttalli Yakimoff and Matikaschwili, 1932
   1. Host: Procyon lotor (Raccoon)
   2. References: Adams et al. 1981; Inabnit et al. 1972; MacKinnon and Dibb 1938; Morgan and Waller 1940; Robell et al. 1989; Snyder 1984; Yakimoff and Matikaschwili 1932b, 1933

   Eimeria poti Lainson, 1968
   1. Host: Potos flavus (Kinkajou)
   2. Reference: Lainson 1968

   Eimeria procyonis Inabnit, Chobotar, and Ernst, 1972
   1. Host: Procyon lotor (Raccoon)
   2. References: Adams et al. 1981; Dubey 1982; Dubey et al. 2000; Duszynski et al. 1981; Inabnit et al. 1972; Robell et al. 1989; Snyder 1984

3. Isospora chobotari Levine and Ivens, 1981
   1. Synonym:Isospora sp. of Inabnit, Chobotar, and Ernst, 1972
   2. Host: Procyon lotor (Raccoon)
   3. References: Inabnit et al. 1972; Levine and Ivens 1981

FAMILY: Ursidae (bears)

1. Eimeria ailuri Agrawal, Ahluwalia, Bhatia, and Chauhan, 1981
   1. Host: Ailurus fulgens (Red panda)
   2. Reference: Agrawal et al. 1981

2. Eimeria albertensis Hair and Mahrt, 1970
   1. Host: Ursus americanus (American black bear)
   2. Reference: Hair and Mahrt 1970
   3. Remarks: This is likely a rabbit pseudoparasite

3. Eimeria borealis Hair and Mahrt, 1970
   1. Host: Ursus americanus (American black bear)
   2. Reference: Hair and Mahrt 1970
   3. Remarks: This is likely a rabbit pseudoparasite

4. Eimeria ursi Yakimoff and Matschoulsky, 1935
   1. Host: Ursus arctos (syn. Ursus aretis) (Brown bear)
   2. Reference: Yakimoff and Matschoulsky 1935
   3. Remarks: This is likely an avian or rodent pseudoparasite

5. Isospora fonsecaiYakimoff and Matschoulsky, 1940
   1. Host: Ursus arctos (syn. Ursus pamirensis) (Brown bear)
   2. Reference: Yakimoff and Matschoulsky 1940
   3. Remarks: This is likely an avian pseudoparasite

6. Isospora sp. of Yakimoff and Matshoulsky 1935
   1. Host: Ursus arctos (syn. Ursus aretis) (Brown bear)
   2. Reference: Yakimoff and Matschoulsky 1935
   3. Remarks: This is likely an avian pseudoparasite

7. Isospora ursi Agrawal, Ahluwalia, Bhatia, and Chauhan, 1981
   1. Host: Melurus ursinus (Sloth bear)
   2. Reference: Agrawal et al. 1981

8. Undetermined enteric coccidia of Gau, Kutz, and Elkin, 1999
   1. Host: Ursus arctos (Grizzly bear)
   2. Reference: Gau et al. 1999

FAMILY: Viverridae (binturong, civits, fossa, genets, linsangs)

1. "Coccidium" of Bray, 1964
   1. Host: Civettictis civetta (African civit cat)
   2. Reference: Bray 1964

2. Eimeria genettae Agostinucci and Bronzini, 1955
   1. Host: Genetta genetta (syn. Genetta dongolona) (African genet)
   2. Reference: Agostinucci and Bronzini 1955

3. Isospora viverrae Adler, 1924
   1. Host: Civettictis civetta (African civit cat)
   2. Reference: Adler 1924

References

Adams, J.H., Levine, N.D., and Todd, K.S. 1981. Eimeria and Sarcocystis in raccoons in Illinois. Journal of Protozoology 28: 221-222.

Adler, S. 1924. An Isospora of civit cats. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 18: 87-94.

Agostinucci, J., and Bronzini, E. 1955. Eimeria genettae n. sp. parasita della Genetta dongolana. Proceedings of the 6th International Congress on Microbiology (1953) 5: 284-285.

Agrawal, R.D., Ahluwalia, S.S., Bhatia, B.B., and Chauhan, P.P.S. 1981. Note on mammalian coccidia at Lucknow Zoo. Indian Journal of Animal Science 51: 125-128.

Andrews, J. 1928. New species of coccidia from the skunk and prairie dog. Journal of Parasitology 14: 193-195.

Anwar, M.A., Newman, C., McDonald, D.W., Woolhouse, M.E., and Kelly, D.W. 2000. Coccidiosis in the European badger (Meles meles) from England, an epidemiological study. Parasitology 120: 255-260.

Balozet, L. 1933. Sur une coccidie de la mangouste. Bulletin de la Societe de Pathologie Exotique 26: 913-914.

Bandyopadhyay, S. 1982. A new coccidium, Eimeria jalpaiguriensis n. sp. from a mongoose, Herpestes edwardsi (Geoffroy). Journal of the Bengal Natural History Society 1: 23-27.

Becker, E.R. 1934. A check-list of the coccidia of the genus Isospora. Journal of Parasitology 20: 195-196.

Bell, J.A. 1994. Parasites of domesticated pet ferrets. Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian 16: 617-620.

Blankenship-Paris, T.L., Chang, J., and Bagnell, C.R. 1993. Enteric coccidiosis in a ferret. Laboratory Animal Science 43: 361-363.

Bray, R.S. 1954. On the coccidia of the mongoose. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 48: 405-415.

Bray, R.S. 1964. A check-list of the parasitic protoza of West Africa with some notes on their classification. Bulletin de l'Institut Francais d'Afrique Noire 26: 238-327.

Bray, R.S. 1959. On the parasitic protozoa of Libera. VI. A further note on the coccidia of the mongoose. Acta Veterinaria Academiae Scientarium Hungaricae 9: 233-234.

Carini, A., and Fonseca, F. 1938. Sobre uma nova Eimeira (E. irara n. sp.) parasita da Tayra barbara. Archivos de Biologia Sao Paulo 22: 36.

Carini, A., and Grechi, D. 1938. Sobre uma nova Eimeria, parasita do Nasua nasica. Archivos de Biologia, Sao Paulo 22: 104-105.

Carpenter, J.W., and Hillman, C.N. 1979. Husbandry, reproduction, and veterinary care of captive ferrets. In, Proceedings of the annual meeting of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, 1978. American Society of Zoo Veterinarians, Washington, DC. pp. 36-47.

Davis, C.L., Chow, T.L., and Gorham, J.R. 1953. Hepatic coccidiosis in mink. Veterinary Medicine Small Animal Practice 48: 371-375.

Dubey, J.P. 1963. Observations on coccidian oocysts from Indian hyaena (Hyaena striata). Indian Journal of Microbiology 3: 121-122.

Dubey, J.P. 1982. Baylisascaris procyonis and eimerian infections in raccoons. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 181: 1292-1294.

Dubey, J.P., and Pande, B.P. 1963. Observations on the coccidian oocysts from Indian mongoose (Herpestes mungo). Indian Journal of Microbiology 3: 49-53.

Dubey, J.P., and Pande, B.P. 1964. Letter to the editor. Indian Journal of Microbiology 4: 29.

Dubey, J.P., Garner, M.M., Rosenthal, B.M., and DeGhetto, D. 2000. Clinical coccidiosis in raccoons (Procyon lotor). Journal of Parasitology 86: 1299-1303.

Duszynski, D.W., Speer, C.A., Chobotar, B., and Marchiondo, A. 1981. Fine structure of the oocyst wall and excystation of Eimeria procyonis from the American raccoon (Procyon lotor). Zeitschrift fur Parasitenkunde 65: 131-136.

Flopfer, U. And Neuman, M. 1970. A note on coccidiosis in minks. Refuah Veterinarith 27: 122-124.

Foreyt, W.J., and Todd, A.C. 1976. Prevalence of coccidia in domestic mink in Wisconsin. Journal of Parasitology 62: 496.

Foreyt, W.J., Todd, A.C., and Hartsough, G.R. 1977. Anticoccidial activity of eight compounds in domestic mink. American Journal of Veterinary Research 38: 391-394.

Galli-Valerio, B. 1932. Notes de parasitologie et de technique parasitologique. Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie. I. Abteilung Originale. 125: 129-142.

Galli-Valerio, B. 1935. Parasitologische Untersuchungen und parasitologische Technik. Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie. I. Abteilung Originale. 135: 318-327.

Gau, R.J., Kutz, S., and Elkin, B.T. 1999. Parasites of grizzly bears from the central Canadian arctic. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 35: 618-621.

Glebezdin, V.S. 1978. The fauna of coccidia of wild mammals of South-Western Turkmenistan. Izvestiya Akademaii Nauk Turkmenskoi SSR, seriya Biologicheskich Nauk 0(3): 71-78.

Grafner, G., Graubmann, H.-D., and Dobbriner, W. 1967. Leberkokzidiose beim Nerz (Lutreola vison Schreb.), hervorgerufen durch eine neue Kokzidienart, Eimeria hiepei n. sp. Monatshefte fur Veterinearmedizin 22: 696-700.

Hair, J.D., and Mahrt, J.L. 1970. Eimeria albertensis n. sp. and E. borealis n. sp. (Sporozoa: Eimeriidae) in black bears Ursus americanus from Alberta. Journal of Protozoology 17: 663-664.

Hagen, K.W., and Gorham, J.R. 1970. Intestinal coccidiosis in mink. American Fur Breeder 43: 16.

Hanson, K.B. 1933. Parasites of mink and their control. American Fur Breeder 5: 5-7.

Head, K.W. 1959. Diseases of mink. Veterinary Record 71: 1025-1032.

Henry, A., and Leblois, C. 1926. Essai de classification des coccidies de la famille des Diplosporidae Leger, 1911. Annales de Parasitologie humaine et Comparee 4: 22-28.

Hoare, C.A. 1927. On the coccidia of the ferret. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 21: 313-320.

Hoare, C.A. 1935a. A histopathological reaction of a special type on the part of the intestinal villi in ferret coccidiosis. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 29: 2-3.

Hoare, C.A. 1935b. The endogenous development of the coccidia of the ferret, and the histopathological reaction of the infected intestinal villi. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 29: 111-122.

Hoover, J.P., Bahr, R.J., Nieves, M.A., Doyle, R.T., Zimmer, M.A., and Lauzon, S.E. 1985. Clinical evaluation and prerelease management of American river otters in the second year of a reintroduction study. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 187: 1154-1161.

Inabnit, R., Chobotar, B., and Ernst, J.V. 1972. Eimeria procyonis sp. n., an Isospora sp., and a redescription of E. nuttalli Yakimoff and Matikaschwili, 1932 (Protozoa: Eimeriidae) from the American raccoon (Procyon lotor). Journal of Protozoology 19: 244-247.

Iwanoff-Gobsem, P.S. 1934. Zum Vorkommen von Coccidien bei kleinen wilden Saugetieren. Deutsche Tierrarztlliche Wochenschrift 1934: 149-151.

*Iwanova-Gobzem, P.S. 1935. On the question of coccidia of domesticated and wild animals in Northern Kazakstan. (Trudy Sov. Izuch. Prirod. Resurs., seriya Kasakhskoi). Vrediteli Sel'skokh. ditsii v Severnom Kazakhstana 1932 r., Pavlovsky, E.N., editor. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSR. (4) 243-263.

Jolley, W.R., Kingston, N., Williams, E.S., and Lynn, C. 1994. Coccidia, Giarida sp., and a physalopteran nematode parasite from black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) in Wyoming. Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington 61: 89-94.

Kingscote, A.A. 1934. Eimeria mustelae, n. sp. from Mustela vison. Journal of Parasitology 20: 252-253.

Kingscote, A.A. 1935. A note on the coccidia of mink. Journal of Parasitology 21: 126.

Knowles, R., and Das Gupta, B.M. 1931. A note on two intestinal protozoa of the Indian mongoose. Indian Journal of Medical Research 19: 175-176.

Kotlan, A., and Pospesch, L. 1933. Coccidial infections in the badger Meles taxus. Parasitology 25: 102-107.

Lainson, R. 1968. Parasitological studies in British Honduras. III. Some coccidial parasites of mammals. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 62: 252-259.

Levine, N.D. 1948. Eimeria and Isospora of the mink (Mustela vison). Journal of Parasitology 34: 486-492.

Levine, N.D., and Ivens, V. 1964. Isospora spilogales n. sp. and I. sengeri n. sp. (Protozoa: Eimeriidae) from the spotted skunk, Spilogale putorius ambarvalis. Journal of Protozoology 11: 505-509.

Levine, N.D., and Ivens, V. 1981. The coccidian parasites (Protozoa, Apicomplexa) of Carnivores. Illinois Biological Monographs no. 51, University of Illinois. 248 pp.

Levine, N.D., Ivens, V., and Healy, G.R. 1975. Isospora herpestei n. sp. (Protozoa, Apicomplexa) and other new species of Isospora from mongooses. Proceedings of the Illinois Academy of Science 55: 150-153.

Li, X., Pang, J., and Fox, J.G. 1996. Coinfection with intracellular Desulfovibrio species and coccidia in ferrets with proliferative bowel disease. Laboratory Animal Science 46: 569-571.

Litvenkova, A.E. 1969. Coccidia of wild mammals in Byelorussia. In, Progress in Protozoology, Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Protozoology, July 2-10, 1969, Leningrad. Strelkov, A.A., Sukhanova, K.M., and Raikov, I.B., editors. Nauka, Leningrad. pp. 340-341.

MacKinnon, D.L., and Dibb, M.J. 1938. Intestinal protozoa. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 108: 323-345.

MacTaggart, H.S. 1960. Coccidia from mink in Britian. Journal of Parasitology 46: 201-205.

Markus, M.B. 1972. Transactions of the Royal Society for Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 66: 673-674.

Morgan, B., and Waller, E.F. 1940. Severe parasitism in a raccoon. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 59: 523-527.

Musaev, M.A., and Veisov, A.M. 1983. New species of coccidia of the genera Eimeria and Isospora from weasel (Mustela nivalis Lennans, 1766). Izvbestiya Adademii Nauk Azerbaidsahskoi SSR, seriya Biologicheskich Nauk 0(5): 64-70.

Myers, G.H., Foreyt, W.J., Hartsough, G.R., and Todd, A.C. 1980. Coccidial infections in ranch mink. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 177: 849-851.

Nukerbaeva, K.K. 1981. Coccida of sables (Martes zibellina). Izvestiia Akademaii Nauk Kazachskoi SSR, seriya Biologicheskia Nauk 0(1): 30-33.

Nukerbaeva, K.K., and S.K. Svanbaev. 1973. Coccidia of fur animals in Kazakistan. Vestnik Sel'skokhozia Istvennoi Nauki Kazakhstana, Alma-Ata 0(12): 50-54.

Nukerbaeva, K.K., and S.K. Svanbaev. 1974. On the question about specificity of coccidia from carnivores. Izvestiia Akademaii Nauk Kazachskoi SSR, seriya Biologicheskia Nauk 12(2): 35-40.

Nukerbaeva, K.K., and S.K. Svanbaev. 1977. Results of studies on coccidia of fur bearing animals. Trudy Instituta Zoologii, Akademiia Nauk Kazakskoi SSR 37: 51-90.

Patnaik, M.M. and Archarjyo, L.N. 1971. Notes on the coccidian parasites of wild mammals in captivity at Nandankanan. Orissa Veterinary Journal 6: 133-135.

Patnaik, M.M., and Ray, S.K. 1965. Coccidia of the Indian mongoose (Herpestes edwardsi). Indian Journal of Animal Health 4: 33-36.

Patnaik, M.M., and Ray, S.K. 1966. Letter to the editor. Indian Journal of Animal Health 5: 203.

Pellerdy, L. 1955. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Coccidien des Dachses (Meles taxus). Acta Veterinaria Academiae Scientarium Hungaricae 5: 421-424.

Pellerdy, L. 1959. A note on R.S. Bray's article "On the parasitic protozoa of Liberia. VI. A further note on the coccidia of the mongoose." Acta Veterinaria Academiae Scientarium Hungaricae 9: 481-482.

Prasad, H. 1961. The coccidia of the zorille Ictonyx (Zorilla) capensis Kaup. Journal of Protozoology 8: 55-58.

Railliet, A., and Lucet, A. 1891. Note sur quelques especes de coccidies encore peu etudiees. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France 16: 246-250.

Rastegaieff, E.F. 1930. Zur Frage uber Coccidien wilder Tiere. Archiv fur Protistenkunde 71: 377-404.

Reinig, M., Reinig, A., and Murphy, H. 1955. Section 5. Diseases and their Treatment. In, The Fur Farm Guide Book, Volume 1, Reinig, M., Reinig, A., and Murphy, H, eds. Fur Farm Publications, Duluth, MN. pp. 125-144.

Robel, R.J., Barnes, N.A., and Upton, S.J. 1989. Gastrointestinal helminths and protozoa from two raccoon populations in Kansas. Journal of Parasitology 75: 1000-1003.

Ryan, M.J., Wyand, D.S., and Nielsen S.W. 1982. A Hammondia-like coccidia with a mink-muskrat life cycle. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 18: 29-36.

Sealander, J.A. 1943. Notes on some parasites of the mink in southern Michigan. Journal of Parasitology 29: 361-362.

Snyder, D.E. 1984. Eimeria spp. in raccoons in Illinois. Abstract no. 12 from the 36th annual Midwestern Conference of Parasitologists, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 7-9 June, 1984. P. 10.

Sprehn, C. 1953. Gefahrliche Nerzseuche in Kanada und in den USA. Der Deutsch Pelztierzuchter 27: 191-192.

Sprehn, C. 1954a. Aus der Abteilung fur Pelztierzucht an der Bundesforschungsanstalt fur Kleintiersucht Celle. Der Deutsch Pelztierzuchter 28: 50-51.

Sprehn, C. 1954b. Aus der Abteilung fur Pelztierzucht an der Bundesforschungsanstalt fur Kleintiersucht Celle. Der Deutsch Pelztierzuchter 28: 91-93.

Sprehn, C. 1954c. Aus der Abteilung fur Pelztierzucht an der Bundesforschungsanstalt fur Kleintiersucht Celle. Der Deutsch Pelztierzuchter 28: 108-109.

Svanbaev, S.K. 1956. Materials on the fauna of coccidia of wild mammals in western Kazakistan. Trudy Instituta Zoologii, Akademiia Nauk Kazachskoi SSR 5: 180-191.

Svanbaev, S.K. 1979. Coccidia of wild animals in Kazakhstan. Akademia Nauk Kazachskoi SSR, Institut Zoologii. Izdatel'stvo Nauka Kazachskoi, Alma-Ata. 212 pp.

Svanbaev, S.K., and Rachmatullina, N.K. 1971. The question on coccidia from fur-bearing animals in Kazakistan. Trudy Instituta Zoologii, Akademiia Nauk Kazakskoi SSR 31: 165-170.

Tadros, W., and Laarman, J.J. 1976. Sarcocystis and related coccidian parasites: a brief general review, together with a discussion on some biological aspects of their life cycles and a new proposal for their classification. Acta Leidensia 44: 1-107.

Tinar, R. 1986. Ankara'da iki ciftlikte yetistirilen vizonlarda (Mustela vison) gorulen coccidiose etkenleri. Fakultesi Veteriner Medicin Universitesi Basinevi, Ankara 32: 464-473.

Torres, J., Modry, D., Fernandez, J., Slapeta, J.R., and Koudela, B. 2000. Isospora lutrae n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae), a new coccidium from the european otter Lutra lutra (L.) (Carnivora: Mustelidae) from Spain. Systematic Parasitology 47: 59-63.

Trager, W. 1961. Coccidia from African striped weasel - a correction. Journal of Protozoology 8: 359.

Umurzakov, M.D., and Nukerbaeva, K.K. 1985. Life cycle of Eimeria vison in mink. Izvestiia Akademaii Nauk Kazachskoi SSR, seriya Biologicheskia Nauk 0(2): 48-53.

Williams, B.H., Chimes, M.J., and Gardiner, C.H. 1996. Biliary coccidiosis in a ferret (Mustela putorius furo). Veterinary Pathology 33: 437-439.

Williams, E.S., Thorne, E.T., Appel, M.J.G., and Belitsky, D.W. 1988. Canine distemper in black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) from Wyoming. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 24: 385-398.

Williams, E.S., Thorne, E.T., Kwiatkowski, D.R., and Oalcleaf, B. 1992. Overcoming disease problems in the black-footed ferret recovery program. Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference 57: 474-485.

Wolter, R. 1961. Die Endoparasiten der Farmnerze im Geibiet der DDR. Biologische Beitreage 1: 137-144.

Yakimoff, W.L., and Gousseff, W.F. 1934. Coccidia of martens and sables. Journal of Parasitology 20: 251-252.

Yakimoff, W.L., and Gousseff, W.F. 1936. Kokzidiose des Iltis. Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie. I. Originale. 136: 125-126.

Yakimoff, V.L., and Matschoulsky, S.N. 1935. As coccidioses dos Ursos, lobos e caes selvagens. Archivos do Instituto Biologico, Sao Paulo 6: 171-177.

Yakimoff, V.L., and Matschoulsky, S.N. 1935. Coccidia of animals at the Jardin Zoo in Tashkent. Sbornik Akademiia Nauk SSR Leningrad, Ecologicheskii Institute Parazitologischessi 13: 236-248.

Yakimoff, V.L., and Matikaschwili, I.L. 1932a. Coccidiosis of skunks. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 25: 539-544.

Yakimoff, V.L., and Matikaschwili, I.L. 1932b. Coccidiosis in raccoons: Eimeria nuttalii n. sp., parasite of Procyon lotor. Parasitology 24: 574-575.

Yakimoff, V.L., and Matikaschwili, I.L. 1933. Die coccidieose der ussurischen Waschbaren. Archiv fur Protistenkunde 81: 166-178.

Yakimoff, V.L., and Terwinsky, S.K. 1930. Coccidiosis in sables. Soivzpushnina 0(2): 19-20.

Yakimoff, V.L., and Terwinsky, S.K. 1931. Die Coccidiose des Zobeltieres. Archiv fur Protistenkunde 73: 56-59.

Zimmermann, H. 1959. Invasionskrankheiten bei Farmnerzen. Acta Parasitologica Polonica 7: 539-548.